In accordance with a latest social media publish by Etherscan, the Ethereum community processed a report 1.91 million transactions at Layer 1 (L1) in sooner or later. On the identical time, the charges are extremely low at $0.16.
📊 Ethereum L1 information highest variety of day by day transactions in 2025
Yesterday, Ethereum processed 1,913,481 transactions with a median transaction price of $0.16.
Ethereum is scaling ⧫ pic.twitter.com/AL9T5b8RHj
— etherscan.eth (@etherscan) December 24, 2025
This exhibits that the community can deal with massive quantities of visitors with out imposing a value on common customers.
large progress
This mixture of excessive throughput and low value is a direct results of two main community upgrades carried out in 2025: Pectra and Fusaka.
Fusaka, who went stay earlier this month, mentioned the improve was most instantly accountable for this report. This improve instantly expands the capability of the Ethereum L1 blockchain.
This improve succeeded in growing the dimensions of every block by roughly 33%. This allowed the L1 community to suit considerably extra transactions into each block.
Beforehand, all nodes needed to obtain all information, making a bottleneck. PeerDAS, a brand new function launched in Fusaka, permits nodes to look at information “blobs,” massive chunks of transaction information, by sampling a small portion of it. Launched in a earlier replace known as Dencun and expanded upon right here, blobs are like sidecars related to the primary block. It permits information to be transmitted cheaply and doesn’t battle with customary transactions.
Pectra’s improve in Could laid the muse for scaling by optimizing how Layer 2 networks corresponding to Arbitrum, Optimism, and Base work together with the primary chain.
Pectra has doubled the variety of these “sidecars” from three to 6 per block. As a result of the availability of area for Layer 2 information has all of a sudden doubled, the associated fee for L2 to “stick” on Ethereum has decreased. This eradicated congestion all through the community.
Additional scaling challenges
Regardless of the massive success of the 2025 improve, Ethereum’s scaling just isn’t but “achieved.”
The Ethereum ecosystem stays fragmented. Customers have a tendency to seek out it tough to make use of L2 funds with out advanced bridges. Subsequently, fragmentation stays a giant drawback.
The database of all accounts, balances, and good contracts (“states”) grows bigger and bigger. In the end, the dimensions of a state will probably be a terabyte or petabyte. If it will get too large, the typical particular person will not have the ability to purchase a tough drive sufficiently big to run a node.
